Guruka singh biography of martin

Sikh website

SikhNet hype a Sikh-centric website operated bypass the 3HO organization.^[1][2] SikhNet assessment a tax exempt 501(c)3 nonprofit corporation in the U.S.A.^[3] On the trot caters to what it has termed as the "cyber sangat" ("cyber congregation").^[3]

History

Bulletin board system

The cradle of SikhNet can be derived back to a bulletin gaming-table system (BBS) created by Guruka Singh, launched in 1983.^[3] Harbhajan Kaur and Mahan Singh constant worry Millis, Massachusetts were the coordinators of the early SikhNet BBS.^[3] The server operated through Jinnee with a 300 baud connection.^[3]

In February 1986, the SikhNet BBS server was upgraded and went online with a 10 Rate IBM XT clone computer staunch a 1200 baud (later 9600 baud) modem.^[3] The SikhNet BBS was an early version be in opposition to the open-source BBS software (RBBS v.15) that was hacked backing customization purposes.^[3] There were kids 100 users, with 20 asset them being regulars.^[3] The SikhNet BBS's log-on screen contained stop of a Khanda symbol straightforward using ASCII art.^[3] A Acrobat program was created by Ravi Har Singh Khalsa for accessing SikhNet, it was known orang-utan SikhNet-Zapper.^[3] The BBS contained spick prototype-discussion forum and announcements wean away from 3HO & Sikh Dharma Supranational were posted for the patrons to view.^[3] There were further transcript recordings of Yogi Bhajan's lectures and talks stored overtone the BBS and daily quotations of the Guru Granth Sahib were displayed.^[3] The host-computer cut into the server shifted from City, Ohio to Yosemite, California stunt Espanola, New Mexico, mirroring depiction moves of Guruka Singh put up with his family.^[3]

The SikhNet BBS became defunct in October 1994 tail Guruka Singh could no thirster serve as the Sysop (System Operator), thus the SikhNet BBS was taken offline.^[3]

Website

The SikhNet site was founded by Gurumustuk Singh Khalsa on 15 April 1996, coinciding with the Vaisakhi affairs for that year.^[3] The site was founded for the decisive of education both Sikhs cope with non-Sikhs on the tenets near the Sikh religion in span user-friendly, peaceful, accessible, and faith-friendly manner.^[2] The website adopted high-mindedness same name as the precursor BBS system.^[3] Gurumustuk created say publicly original HTML SikhNet website pages whilst in his early 20's for the purpose of plan a cyber space where Adherent youth from around the terra could interact, hold dialogue, unacceptable support one another.^[3] The site sees itself as an street outside of the traditional native and gurdwara spaces where Disciple communities could engage with each-other.^[3] The website currently has 16 employees, whom are based problem the United States, Canada, Bharat, the United Kingdom, and Peru.^[3] The website relies on charity, from its userbase, sponsors, jaunt grantors, to operate.^[3]

The website serves as a clearing house get something done news articles and information deviation Sikh topics.^[1] The website succeed in seducing many features where Sikh ritualistic texts can be examined brush aside users.^[1] Furthermore, turban-tying tutorials throne be found on the site.^[1] The website contains histories abide hagiographies dating to the interval of the Sikh gurus, recordings of kirtan (sacred hymns) brook katha (interpretation), and positive traditional of Sikhs from the U.K., Canada, and the U.S.^[2]

In 2011, the website launched an on-line game called Karma: the Ogre's Curse, whereby the player oxidize maintain their Sikh religion while in the manner tha tempted by vices through consideration, good actions, and maintaining dialect trig Khalsa appearance.^[1]

Change in organizational structure

In April 2022, the founder Gurumustuk stepped down as CEO weekend away SikhNet.

This came as unembellished result of serious allegations clashing 3HO leader Yogi Bhajan charge Gurmustuk's drastic change from work out a baptised Sikh to uncluttered clean-shaven man.^[4] Former bodyguard classic Yogi Bhajan and 3HO reviewer, Gursant Singh, claimed Gurumustuk was paid a six-figure annual sincere wages from SikhNet donations.^[5]

Statistics

The website claims to have 900,000 visits clank month, making it one be taken in by the largest Sikh websites globally.^[3]

Services operated by SikhNet

SikhNet is operated by 3HO (Sikh Dharma introduce the Western Hemisphere), an take in mostly composed of American-Sikhs female European-descent whom were influenced uncongenial Yogi Bhajan.^[1] These White Sikhs emphasize strongly upon the Khalsa's outward form by promoting character 5 Ks, wearing traditional Sanskrit clothing that is white in-colour, and the wearing of efficient turban, for both men dowel women.^[1] Whilst the website was founded by White Sikhs, hang around users of SikhNet are manage a traditional, mainstream Punjabi Sikh-background, in-addition to the 3HO Sikhs.^[1] SikhNet promotes an image have Punjabi Sikhs who may espousal may not cut their tresses or tie a turban excellent White Sikhs who keep their hair uncut and wear top-hole turban.^[2]

The website has been declared as Khalsa-centric, a phenomenon stated doubtful as "Khalsa-ism" by Sikhologist Doris Jakobsh.^[1] Doris Jakobsh states renounce the Sikh Internet is inordinately influenced by White Sikhs deadly 3HO.^[6] For example, many motionless the freely available images in shape Sikhs online is of Chalky Sikh women who converted tinge the 3HO sect of Sikhism.^[6] These portrayals may be deceptive as 3HO White Sikh cohort usually wear turbans but honesty vast majority of Punjabi Disciple women, whom constitute the wide majority of Sikh women, uncommonly wear turbans.^[6] Furthermore, 3HO websites often depict Sikhs as those who wear turbans, even scour through many Sikh youth in birth Punjab cut their hair paramount do not don a turban.^[6] Jakobsh states that even even supposing 3HO White Sikh make-up cool tiny percentage of the all-inclusive Sikh population, they dominate rendering Sikh Internet realm, stating go off at a tangent this minority acting as representatives for the wider faith has large ramifications.^[6]

After the September 11 attacks, the SikhNet homepage featured a collage with the presentation “SIKHS” showcasing Sikh men, squadron, and children with American flags, and “Proud to be AMERICANS” written beneath.^[2]

Conner Singh VanderBeek fluctuation websites like SikhNet with Khalistani-affiliated websites that once existed hinder the early decades of decency World Wide Web.^[2] SikhNet promotes a peaceful, non-threatening, authority-abiding, captain respect for politics, in tight relationship with the concept pageant a nation-state, with websites come into view SikhNet serving as a "positive optic" for Sikhs in honourableness West.^[2]

References